Neurons (Leaving Cert Biology): Flashcards
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14 cards from this deck
What is a neuron?
What is a neuron?
A nerve cell
How many types of neurons are there?
How many types of neurons are there?
Three: sensory, motor, and interneurons
What do sensory neurons do?
What do sensory neurons do?
Carry impulses from sense organs to CNS
What do motor neurons do?
What do motor neurons do?
Carry impulses away from CNS to muscles and glands
What do interneurons do?
What do interneurons do?
Carry information between sensory and motor neurons
What are effectors?
What are effectors?
Organs/tissues that carry out the action of the CNS
Sensory neuron structure
Sensory neuron structure
Long dendrites and axons
Motor neuron structure
Motor neuron structure
Short dendrites and long axons
What do dendrites do?
What do dendrites do?
Receive impulses and transmit towards cell body
What does the axon do?
What does the axon do?
Carries electrical impulses away from cell body
What is the myelin sheath made of?
What is the myelin sheath made of?
Lipids (comprised of Schwann cells)
What does the myelin sheath do?
What does the myelin sheath do?
Protects axon/dendrites and speeds up electrical impulses
What do synaptic vesicles contain?
What do synaptic vesicles contain?
Neurotransmitter chemicals
What is the function of nodes of Ranvier?
What is the function of nodes of Ranvier?
Speed up impulses by allowing them to jump node to node