Personal Pronouns (Leaving Cert German): Flashcards
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Personal pronouns definition
Personal pronouns definition
Words that replace nouns to avoid repetition
Main purpose of personal pronouns
Main purpose of personal pronouns
Make German sound more natural and fluent
Nominative case function
Nominative case function
Pronoun is the subject doing the action
Accusative case function
Accusative case function
Pronoun is the direct object receiving the action
Dative case function
Dative case function
Pronoun is the indirect object (to/for someone)
Genitive case in modern German
Genitive case in modern German
Rarely used, mainly in formal writing or older texts
Pronouns must match
Pronouns must match
Gender and number of the noun they replace
When to use 'du'
When to use 'du'
Friends, family, children, people your age
When to use 'Sie'
When to use 'Sie'
Strangers, older people, business, when in doubt
er/sie/es gender rule
er/sie/es gender rule
Match grammatical gender, not biological gender
Pronoun for 'das Mädchen'
Pronoun for 'das Mädchen'
es (neuter, despite referring to a girl)
Case: sehen, kennen, besuchen
Case: sehen, kennen, besuchen
Accusative
Case: helfen, gehören, geben
Case: helfen, gehören, geben
Dative
German pronoun meaning: she, her, they, them
German pronoun meaning: she, her, they, them
sie (lowercase)
Formal 'you' in German (capitalised)
Formal 'you' in German (capitalised)
Sie