An Introduction to Accounting (Grade 11 NSC Matric Accounting): Flashcards

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An Introduction to Accounting
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Accounting equation formula

A = OE + L (Assets = Owner's Equity + Liabilities)

Historical cost concept

Record assets at purchase price, maintain original cost

Business entity concept

Business is separate from owner; keep transactions separate

Matching concept

Record expenses in same period as income they helped earn

Double entry system rule

Every transaction affects at least 2 accounts: debit & credit

Assets: which side increases?

Debit side (left)

Owner's equity & liabilities: which side increases?

Credit side (right)

What is a Trial Balance?

List of all ledger accounts showing their balances

Accrual basis

Record income/expenses when earned/incurred, not when cash paid

Purpose of financial statements

Present transactions in standardised format for analysis

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