Summary (Grade 12 NSC Matric Mathematics): Flashcards

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What a limit describes

What happens to function values as input approaches a value

Average gradient formula

f(x+h)−f(x)h\frac{f(x + h) - f(x)}{h}

First principles derivative formula

f′(x)=lim⁡h→0f(x+h)−f(x)hf'(x) = \lim_{h \to 0} \frac{f(x + h) - f(x)}{h}

Power rule: ddx[xn]\frac{d}{dx}[x^n]

nxn−1nx^{n-1}

Derivative of constant kk

00

Second derivative definition

Derivative of the first derivative

When stationary points occur

When f′(x)=0f'(x) = 0

Sum rule for differentiation

ddx[f(x)+g(x)]=ddx[f(x)]+ddx[g(x)]\frac{d}{dx}[f(x) + g(x)] = \frac{d}{dx}[f(x)] + \frac{d}{dx}[g(x)]

What optimisation involves

Finding maximum or minimum values of functions

Constant multiple rule

ddx[k⋅f(x)]=k⋅ddx[f(x)]\frac{d}{dx}[k \cdot f(x)] = k \cdot \frac{d}{dx}[f(x)]

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