Application of FCP to Probability Problems (Grade 12 NSC Matric Mathematics): Quizzes

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Application of FCP to Probability Problems
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When is the fundamental counting principle most useful for probability problems?

When sample space is very large

In the formula P(E)=n(E)n(S)P(E) = \frac{n(E)}{n(S)}, what does n(E)n(E) represent?

Total arrangements of event E

How many 4-digit PINs can be made from digits 0-9 if digits can be repeated?

10,00010,000

How many 4-digit PINs from 0-9 can be made if digits cannot be repeated?

5,0405,040

What is the complement rule formula for finding P(B)P(B) in 'at least one' problems?

P(B)=1−P(not B)P(B) = 1 - P(\text{not B})

For a 4-digit PIN with repetition, find P(at least one 8) if no 8s gives 6,561 outcomes.

0.34390.3439

For number plates, how many letters are available if vowels and Q are excluded?

2020

What is P(plate starts with Y and ends odd) if favourable=200,000 and total=8,000,000?

0.0250.025

What does 'with repetition' mean in counting problems?

Same number of choices each time

Why use the complement rule for 'at least one' probability problems?

Calculating 'none' is simpler

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