Alkyl Halides and Carbonyl Compounds (Grade 12 NSC Matric Physical Sciences): Flashcards

Hydrocarbon w/ H replaced by halogen (F, Cl, Br, I)

$C=O$ (carbon double-bonded to oxygen)

Terminal (end) of carbon chain

-al (e.g., methanal, ethanal, butanal)

Internal (middle) of carbon chain

-one (e.g., propanone, butanone)

-COOH (carboxyl group)

-oic acid (e.g., methanoic acid, ethanoic acid)

Alcohol + carboxylic acid → ester + water (needs catalyst)

$C_nH_{2n}O$ (same for both)