Pigeonhole principle (HSC SSCE Mathematics Extension 1): Flashcards

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Pigeonhole Principle
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What does the pigeonhole principle state?

If n items are in k containers and n > k, one has more.

Give an example of the pigeonhole principle.

7 shoes in 6 boxes means at least one box has 2 shoes.

What is the general formulation of the principle?

If n > k, at least one container holds more than one item.

What is the pigeonhole principle in socks distribution?

If 10 pairs in 7 drawers, at least one has 2 pairs.

What is a formal proof of the principle?

If n > k, at least one container must hold multiple items.

What happens with 13 cards and 4 suits?

At least one suit must have more than 3 cards.

How does the principle extend to groups?

10 people in 5 groups ensures at least one pair holds hands.

What is a common trap in using the principle?

Misunderstanding minimum container counts can mislead.

What is the conclusion for 25 apples in 10 baskets?

At least one basket must have more than 2 apples.

Why is the pigeonhole principle important?

It helps solve distribution problems logically and simply.

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