Arithmetic & Numerical Computation (AQA A-Level Biology): Flashcards

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Logarithms
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Purpose of logarithmic scales

Handle data spanning very large ranges/orders of magnitude

Base used in logarithmic scales

Base 10 (common logarithms)

What each major division on log scale represents

Multiplication by 10 (one order of magnitude)

Straight line on log graph indicates

Exponential growth (rising) or decay (falling)

Upward-curving line on log graph means

Growth faster than exponential

Downward-curving line on log graph means

Growth slower than exponential

Bacterial exponential growth appears on log graph as

Straight line with positive gradient

pH scale range and orders of magnitude

0-14, spanning 11 orders of magnitude

Effect of 1 pH unit increase on [H+][\text{H}^+]

Ten-fold decrease in [H+][\text{H}^+] concentration

Formula relating pH to [H+][\text{H}^+]

pH=log10[H+]\text{pH} = -\log_{10}[\text{H}^+]

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