Working With Graphs & Charts (AQA A-Level Biology): Flashcards

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Working With Graphs & Charts
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Variable plotted on y-axis

Dependent variable (what you measured)

Variable plotted on x-axis

Independent variable (what you changed)

Definition of extrapolation

Extending line beyond measured data range

What range bars show

Maximum and minimum values from repeat measurements

What error bars represent

Standard deviation - calculated measure of data spread

Meaning of longer error bars

Greater data spread and less certainty about true mean

Formula for rate of change

dydx\frac{dy}{dx} or change in y divided by change in x

How to find rate from curved line

Draw tangent at steepest point, then calculate gradient

Purpose of scatter diagram

Plot two variables to identify potential correlations

Why avoid extrapolation beyond data

Scientifically invalid, leads to incorrect conclusions

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