Stem Cells (AQA A-Level Biology): Flashcards
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Stem cells definition
Stem cells definition
Unspecialised cells that can develop into different types of specialised cells
Totipotent stem cells
Totipotent stem cells
Can develop into any type of body cell in organism
Pluripotent stem cells
Pluripotent stem cells
Can differentiate into most types of body cell
Multipotent stem cells
Multipotent stem cells
Can differentiate into a few related cell types within a group
Unipotent stem cells
Unipotent stem cells
Can only differentiate into one type of cell
How stem cells become specialised
How stem cells become specialised
Through differential gene expression
Source of embryonic stem cells
Source of embryonic stem cells
Embryos at early stage (4-5 days old) from IVF
iPSCs (induced pluripotent stem cells)
iPSCs (induced pluripotent stem cells)
Adult cells reprogrammed using transcription factors
Current stem cell therapy example
Current stem cell therapy example
Bone marrow transplants for leukaemia and lymphoma
Ethical advantage of iPSCs
Ethical advantage of iPSCs
No embryos destroyed, made from patient's own cells