Lithium Cells (AQA A-Level Chemistry): Flashcards

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Lithium Cells
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Two key advantages of lithium cells

High energy density and rechargeability

Positive electrode material in Li-ion cell

Lithium cobalt oxide (LiCoO2LiCoO_2)

Negative electrode material in Li-ion cell

Graphite

Oxidation reaction at negative electrode (discharge)

Li→Li++e−\text{Li} \rightarrow \text{Li}^+ + e^-

Reduction reaction at positive electrode (discharge)

Li++CoO2+e−→Li[CoO2]−\text{Li}^+ + \text{CoO}_2 + e^- \rightarrow \text{Li}[\text{CoO}_2]^-

Nature of reactions in rechargeable Li-ion cells

Reversible

Fate of materials in non-rechargeable Li cells

Consumed and cannot be regenerated (single-use)

Standard electrode potential at Li anode

Eθ=−3.04 VE^{\theta} = -3.04 \text{ V}

Standard electrode potential at LiCoO2LiCoO_2 cathode

Eθ=+0.50 VE^{\theta} = +0.50 \text{ V}

Formula for cell potential

Ecellθ=Ecathodeθ−EanodeθE^{\theta}_{\text{cell}} = E^{\theta}_{\text{cathode}} - E^{\theta}_{\text{anode}}

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