Laws of Logarithms (AQA A-Level Mathematics): Flashcards

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Laws of Logarithms
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Addition Rule for logarithms

log(a)+log(b)=log(ab)\log(a) + \log(b) = \log(ab)

Subtraction Rule for logarithms

log(a)log(b)=log(ab)\log(a) - \log(b) = \log\left(\frac{a}{b}\right)

Power Rule for logarithms

blog(a)=log(ab)b \log(a) = \log(a^b)

Multiplying same base: 2x×23=?2^x \times 2^3 = ?

2x+32^{x+3} (add the powers)

Dividing same base: 2x÷2y=?2^x \div 2^y = ?

2xy2^{x-y} (subtract the powers)

Value of log3(3)\log_3(3)

11

Expand log(3a2b3)\log(3a^2b^3) using log laws

log(3)+2log(a)+3log(b)\log(3) + 2\log(a) + 3\log(b)

Simplify log(2)+log(5)\log(2) + \log(5)

log(10)=1\log(10) = 1

Common mistake in log(x5)log(x)=7\log(x-5) - \log(x) = 7?

Unlogging each term separately; must combine logs first

Correct method for log(x5)log(x)=7\log(x-5) - \log(x) = 7

Gather logs into one: log(x5x)=7\log\left(\frac{x-5}{x}\right) = 7

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