Differential Equations (AQA A-Level Mathematics): Flashcards

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Modelling with Differential Equations
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Fields that use differential equation models

Physics, biology, economics, engineering

First step in modelling with diff. equations

Identify dependent & independent variables

Exponential growth: rate is proportional to?

Current population size

Exponential growth diff. equation for P(t)P(t)

dPdt=kP\frac{dP}{dt} = kP

Solution to dPdt=kP\frac{dP}{dt} = kP

P(t)=P0ektP(t) = P_0 e^{kt}

In P(t)=P0ektP(t) = P_0 e^{kt}, if k>0k > 0 then?

Population grows exponentially

Newton's Law of Cooling: rate proportional to?

Temperature difference from room temp

Newton's Law of Cooling diff. equation

dTdt=k(TTr)\frac{dT}{dt} = -k(T - T_r)

Harmonic motion (mass-spring) diff. equation

d2xdt2+kmx=0\frac{d^2x}{dt^2} + \frac{k}{m}x = 0

Angular frequency ω\omega in harmonic motion

ω=km\omega = \sqrt{\frac{k}{m}}

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