Working with Vectors (Edexcel A-Level Mathematics): Flashcards

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Working with Vectors
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Properties that vectors represent

Magnitude and direction

Unit vectors in xx and yy directions

i^\hat{i} and j^\hat{j}

xx-component of A\vec{A} (magnitude AA, angle θ\theta)

Ax=AcosθA_x = A \cos \theta

yy-component of A\vec{A} (magnitude AA, angle θ\theta)

Ay=AsinθA_y = A \sin \theta

Head-to-tail rule for adding A\vec{A} and B\vec{B}

Place tail of B\vec{B} at head of A\vec{A}

Vector from tail of A\vec{A} to head of B\vec{B}

Resultant vector R\vec{R}

R=A+B\vec{R} = \vec{A} + \vec{B} using components

(Ax+Bx)i^+(Ay+By)j^(A_x + B_x) \hat{i} + (A_y + B_y) \hat{j}

Magnitude of A\vec{A} with components AxA_x, AyA_y

A=Ax2+Ay2|\vec{A}| = \sqrt{A_x^2 + A_y^2}

Direction angle θ\theta of A\vec{A}

θ=tan1(AyAx)\theta = \tan^{-1} \left(\frac{A_y}{A_x}\right)

Scalar product AB\vec{A} \cdot \vec{B} formula

ABcosθ|\vec{A}| |\vec{B}| \cos \theta

Scalar product using components

AxBx+AyByA_x B_x + A_y B_y

Magnitude of A×B|\vec{A} \times \vec{B}|

ABsinθ|\vec{A}| |\vec{B}| \sin \theta

Direction of cross product A×B\vec{A} \times \vec{B}

Right-hand rule

Condition for equilibrium of forces

Resultant force is zero: F=0\sum \vec{F} = \vec{0}

Work done using vectors F\vec{F} and d\vec{d}

W=FdW = \vec{F} \cdot \vec{d}

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