Debates of the US Supreme Court and civil rights (Edexcel A-Level Politics): Flashcards

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Effectiveness of Supreme Court in Upholding Rights
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First Amendment protections

Speech, press, assembly, petition

Texas v. Johnson (1989) ruling

Flag burning = protected symbolic speech

Citizens United v. FEC (2010)

Corps/unions can spend on campaigns = speech

Masterpiece Cakeshop (2018)

Religious freedom upheld for baker refusing same-sex wedding cake

D.C. v. Heller (2008)

2nd Amendment = individual gun right for self-defense

McDonald v. Chicago (2010)

2nd Amendment applies to states via 14th Amendment

Brown v. Board (1954)

School segregation violates Equal Protection Clause

Roe v. Wade (1973)

Right to abortion under 14th Amendment privacy

Dobbs v. Jackson (2022)

Overturned Roe; no constitutional right to abortion

Obergefell v. Hodges (2015)

Same-sex marriage legal under 14th Amendment

Bostock v. Clayton (2020)

Title VII bans discrimination on sexual orientation/gender

Roper v. Simmons (2005)

Can't execute those under 18 (8th Amendment)

Shelby County v. Holder (2013)

Struck down Voting Rights Act preclearance formula

Eighth Amendment

Prohibits cruel and unusual punishment

Second Amendment

Right to keep and bear arms

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