The state: nation-state and of national sovereignty (Edexcel A-Level Politics): Flashcards

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Characteristics of National Sovereignty
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Definition of sovereignty

Absolute authority a state has to govern itself, control citizens, enforce laws, and conduct affairs without external interference

Two main aspects of sovereignty

Internal sovereignty and external sovereignty

Peace of Westphalia year and significance

1648; origin of modern national sovereignty concept

Internal sovereignty definition

Supreme authority over all matters within state's territory

External sovereignty definition

Ability to act independently on international stage, free from external control

Examples of IGOs

United Nations, European Union, ASEAN, WHO

Security alliance example for external sovereignty

NATO

Examples of NGOs challenging sovereignty

Amnesty International and Human Rights Watch

Examples of MNCs affecting state sovereignty

Apple and Samsung

Examples of violent non-state actors

Al Qaeda, Islamic State, Al Shabaab, drug cartels

R2P stands for

Responsibility to Protect

China's initiative influencing African states

Belt and Road Initiative

P5 members' UN Security Council power

Veto power

Examples of fragile or failed states

Afghanistan and Syria

Russia's action undermining Ukraine's sovereignty (year)

Invasion of Ukraine in 2022

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