Addressing human rights and environmental issues (Edexcel A-Level Politics): Flashcards

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State Sovereignty vs. Acceptance and Enforcement of International Law
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State sovereignty definition

Supreme authority in territory, free from external interference

Non-interference principle

States reject international criticism/intervention in domestic affairs

China's resistance in Xinjiang

Rejects external interference, blocks accountability for Uyghurs

ASEAN non-interference example

Myanmar military crackdown on Rohingya avoided via non-interference

Brazil Amazon sovereignty stance

Under Bolsonaro, resisted deforestation pressure as domestic matter

Paris Agreement NDCs

Nationally determined contributions - states set own emission targets

Voluntary nature of int'l law

States consent to treaties, can withdraw; limits effectiveness

US Paris Agreement withdrawal

Trump withdrew, weakened climate efforts as US is major emitter

ICC enforcement challenge

Lacks coercive power; al-Bashir warrant unenforceable for years

Forum shopping

Choosing legal venue most likely to yield favourable outcome

R2P doctrine

Responsibility to Protect against mass atrocities like genocide

Syrian Civil War R2P division

Russia & China vetoed intervention, citing sovereignty concerns

Kyoto Protocol principle

Common but differentiated responsibilities for emissions

ICC Afghanistan investigation

US opposed ICC probe of war crimes, sanctioned ICC officials

US non-ratification of CRC

Hasn't ratified Convention on Rights of Child, limits treaty reach

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