Strengths and weaknesses of international agreements: Rio, Kyoto, Copenhagen, Paris (Edexcel A-Level Politics): Flashcards
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First major international environmental meeting (1972)
First major international environmental meeting (1972)
Stockholm Conference
First successful global environmental governance treaty
First successful global environmental governance treaty
Montreal Protocol 1989
States that ratified Montreal Protocol
States that ratified Montreal Protocol
197 states
What did Rio Earth Summit 1992 create?
What did Rio Earth Summit 1992 create?
UNFCCC (UN Framework Convention on Climate Change)
Kyoto Protocol 1997 key achievement
Kyoto Protocol 1997 key achievement
First legally binding emission targets
Market mechanism from Kyoto Protocol
Market mechanism from Kyoto Protocol
Carbon credit scheme
Key polluters not fully in Kyoto
Key polluters not fully in Kyoto
US, China, Russia
Copenhagen 2009 temperature limit
Copenhagen 2009 temperature limit
2°C
NDCs in Paris Agreement
NDCs in Paris Agreement
Nationally Determined Contributions
Paris Agreement temperature goals
Paris Agreement temperature goals
Well below 2°C, ideally 1.5°C
Paris Agreement fund for developing nations
Paris Agreement fund for developing nations
$100 billion
US withdrawal from Paris year & president
US withdrawal from Paris year & president
2017, President Trump
Katowice COP 2018 outcome
Katowice COP 2018 outcome
Paris Agreement rulebook by 2020
COP26 2021 key focus
COP26 2021 key focus
Adaptation to climate change
Negotiating blocs emerging at Copenhagen
Negotiating blocs emerging at Copenhagen
G7 and BASIC (Brazil, S Africa, India, China)