Hashing (OCR A-Level Computer Science): Flashcards
📚Flashcards
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13 cards from this deck
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Practise the cards
13 cards from this deck
What does hashing convert data into?
What does hashing convert data into?
Fixed-size string of characters (hash value/code)
Output of a hash function
Output of a hash function
Hash value or hash code
Key property: same input always produces
Key property: same input always produces
Same hash output (deterministic)
Length of hash values regardless of input size
Length of hash values regardless of input size
Fixed length (e.g., 256 bits for SHA-256)
Collision in hashing
Collision in hashing
Two different inputs producing the same hash
Why hash functions are one-way functions
Why hash functions are one-way functions
Computationally infeasible to derive original data from hash
MD5 hash size and security status
MD5 hash size and security status
128-bit hash, considered weak
SHA-1 hash size and security status
SHA-1 hash size and security status
160-bit hash, considered insecure
SHA-256 hash size and security status
SHA-256 hash size and security status
256-bit hash, most secure and widely used
Effect of tiny change in data on hash
Effect of tiny change in data on hash
Produces completely different hash
What is stored instead of plaintext passwords
What is stored instead of plaintext passwords
Hash of the password
Time complexity benefit of hash tables
Time complexity benefit of hash tables
Constant time complexity
Additional security measure for password hashing
Additional security measure for password hashing
Salting