New medicines (AQA GCSE Biology Combined Science): Flashcards

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New medicines
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New medicine requirements before use

Tested for safety and proper functioning

Medical drug

Substance treating disease cause or reducing symptoms

How most modern medicines are produced

Synthesised in labs using chemical reactions

Digitalis: source and use

Foxglove plants; treats irregular heartbeat

Aspirin: source and use

Willow bark/leaves; reduces aches and pains

Penicillin: source and use

Penicillium mould; fights bacterial diseases

Three factors tested in drugs

Toxicity, efficacy, and dose

Preclinical testing

Testing on cell cultures, tissues, then live animals

Placebo effect

Feeling better from expectations, not active treatment

Double-blind trial

Neither patients nor doctors know who gets real drug

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