The immune system (AQA GCSE Biology Combined Science): Flashcards

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The immune system
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Pathogens

Harmful germs that get into your body

White blood cells

Main defenders that fight infections in your body

3 ways white blood cells protect you

Phagocytosis, antibody production, antitoxin production

Phagocytosis

White blood cells engulf & destroy pathogens

Antibodies

Special proteins that attack specific pathogens

Antibody specificity

Each antibody type only works against one particular pathogen

Antigens

Unique markers on a pathogen's surface

Antitoxins

Proteins that neutralise toxins/poisons released by pathogens

Memory lymphocytes

White blood cells that remember pathogens for years

Primary vs secondary immune response

Primary: slow, feel ill. Secondary: fast, no illness (immunity)

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