Kidney treatments (AQA GCSE Biology): Flashcards
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What happens in kidney failure?
What happens in kidney failure?
Kidneys can't filter waste from blood properly
Two main kidney failure treatments
Two main kidney failure treatments
Organ transplant and kidney dialysis
What are antigens?
What are antigens?
Special proteins that act like identity tags
Antibodies' role in transplant rejection
Antibodies' role in transplant rejection
Attack transplanted kidney, seeing antigens as foreign
What is rejection?
What is rejection?
Antibodies attack the transplanted kidney
Ways to prevent rejection
Ways to prevent rejection
Match antigens closely & give immunosuppressant drugs
Side effect of immunosuppressants
Side effect of immunosuppressants
Patient gets infections more easily
What process does dialysis use?
What process does dialysis use?
Diffusion
Property of dialysis tubing
Property of dialysis tubing
Partially permeable (small molecules pass, not big ones)
Reason dialysis fluid has no urea
Reason dialysis fluid has no urea
Creates concentration difference for quick diffusion
Contents of dialysis fluid
Contents of dialysis fluid
Glucose & minerals at same concentration as healthy blood
Dialysis frequency
Dialysis frequency
About three times per week
Main advantage of kidney transplant
Main advantage of kidney transplant
Patient can live a more normal life
Duration of immunosuppressant use
Duration of immunosuppressant use
For life
Main disadvantage of dialysis
Main disadvantage of dialysis
Must visit hospital regularly (several hours per session)