Fractional Distillation & Petrochemicals (AQA GCSE Chemistry Combined Science): Flashcards
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Fractional distillation
Fractional distillation
Process separating mixtures by different boiling points
Crude oil composition
Crude oil composition
Complex mixture of hydrocarbons from the ground
Fractions from crude oil
Fractions from crude oil
Simpler mixtures with similar carbon chain lengths
Property allowing crude oil separation
Property allowing crude oil separation
Different boiling points of hydrocarbons
Where is crude oil heated in the fractionating column?
Where is crude oil heated in the fractionating column?
At the bottom
Temperature gradient in fractionating column
Temperature gradient in fractionating column
Hottest at bottom, cools moving up
Where do higher boiling point hydrocarbons condense?
Where do higher boiling point hydrocarbons condense?
Lower in column (where it's hotter)
Where do lower boiling point hydrocarbons travel?
Where do lower boiling point hydrocarbons travel?
Rise higher up the column
How are different fractions collected?
How are different fractions collected?
Condense at different heights, drawn off as liquids
Petrochemicals
Petrochemicals
Substances obtained from crude oil
Feedstocks in petrochemical industry
Feedstocks in petrochemical industry
Raw materials from crude oil used to make products
Products from petrochemicals (examples)
Products from petrochemicals (examples)
Solvents, lubricants, detergents, polymers