Cracking & Alkenes (AQA GCSE Chemistry Combined Science): Flashcards

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Cracking & Alkenes
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Type of hydrocarbon: alkanes

Saturated hydrocarbons

General formula for alkanes

CnH2n+2C_nH_{2n+2}

Type of hydrocarbon: alkenes

Unsaturated hydrocarbons

General formula for alkenes

CnH2nC_nH_{2n}

Purpose of cracking

Breaks longer hydrocarbons into shorter, more useful ones

Decane cracking products

Octane and ethene

Catalytic cracking conditions

High temperature and a catalyst

Steam cracking conditions

Steam and high temperature, no catalyst

Why cracking is essential

Higher demand for shorter-chain hydrocarbons

Shorter hydrocarbons as fuels

More flammable, make better fuels

Bonds in alkanes

Only single covalent bonds between carbon atoms

Double bonds in alkenes

At least one C=C double bond

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