Water in the UK (AQA GCSE Geography): Revision Notes

6.1.3 Water in the UK

The Demand for Water Varies Across the UK

In the UK, places with a good supply of water aren't the same as the places with highest demand

Rising Demand

• The Environment Agency estimates a 5% rise in water demand by 2025 due to:
  • Growing population.
  • More houses being built.
  • Increased use of domestic appliances (washing machines, dishwashers).
• Since 1975, household water usage has increased by 70%.

Usage Comparison

• Average UK person uses 150 litres of water per day.
• Average person in Africa uses 47 litres per day.

Water Supply and Demand Disparity

• North and West:

• High rainfall and good water supply.

• Fewer people mean lower demand for water.

• Water surplus is common.

• South and East:

• Less rainfall and poor water supply.

• More people mean higher water demand.

• Water deficit is common.

How Can the UK Save Water?

A poster on 'Save Water'

1. Water Transfers:

• Create a nationwide water grid to transfer water from surplus to deficit areas.
• Expensive and may damage wildlife.

2. Reducing Usage and Increasing Efficiency:

• Install water metres to monitor usage.
• Introduce hosepipe bans during shortages.

3. Recycling 'Grey' Water:

• Use waste water from sinks and showers for plants and crops.
• Treat waste water to produce clean water for new use.

4. Waste Water Treatment:

• Remove silt, soil, bacteria, algae, and chemicals from used water for reuse.

5. Public Education:

• Inform the public about water saving and proper disposal of difficult items.

6. Legislation:

• UK and EU laws to limit factory and farm runoff into rivers.
• Water companies must adhere to regulations and penalties.

7. Green Roofs:

• Philtre out pollutants in rainwater.
• Absorb excess water to prevent flooding.
• Help combat climate change.