Maintaining Water & Nitrogen Balance in the Body (OCR GCSE Biology A (Gateway Science Suite)): Flashcards
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15 cards from this deck
Definition of osmosis
Definition of osmosis
Water molecules move from high to low concentration
When blood water conc. increases, effect on cells
When blood water conc. increases, effect on cells
Cells take up water by osmosis & expand/may burst
When blood water conc. decreases, effect on cells
When blood water conc. decreases, effect on cells
Cells lose water by osmosis & shrink
Two kidney functions in making urine
Two kidney functions in making urine
Filtering waste & selectively reabsorbing substances
Three substances reabsorbed by kidneys
Three substances reabsorbed by kidneys
Glucose, ions, and water
Urea formation process
Urea formation process
Amino acids deaminated in liver to ammonia, then to urea
What ADH is
What ADH is
Hormone controlling water loss as urine
ADH release location
ADH release location
Pituitary gland
ADH effect on kidney tubules
ADH effect on kidney tubules
Increases permeability to water
Result of ADH on urine
Result of ADH on urine
Smaller volume, more concentrated (yellow) urine
Two treatments for kidney failure
Two treatments for kidney failure
Dialysis and kidney transplant
Dialysis mechanism
Dialysis mechanism
Blood filtered through partially permeable membrane
Dialysis frequency & duration
Dialysis frequency & duration
3 times/week, 3-4 hours/session
Main problem with kidney transplants
Main problem with kidney transplants
Rejection by immune system (foreign antigens recognised)
Reducing transplant rejection
Reducing transplant rejection
Use immunosuppressant drugs