Cells & Batteries (OCR GCSE Chemistry A (Gateway Science Suite)): Flashcards
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What energy conversion occurs in electrochemical cells?
What energy conversion occurs in electrochemical cells?
Chemical energy → electrical energy
How do electrochemical cells generate voltage?
How do electrochemical cells generate voltage?
Chemical reactions create charge difference between electrodes
Two main components of electrochemical cells
Two main components of electrochemical cells
Electrodes and electrolyte
What are electrodes typically made of?
What are electrodes typically made of?
Metals (e.g., copper, zinc, platinum)
What is an electrolyte?
What is an electrolyte?
Solution containing ions
Typical voltage of single electrochemical cell
Typical voltage of single electrochemical cell
2 to 3 volts (V)
How to obtain higher voltage from cells?
How to obtain higher voltage from cells?
Connect cells in series to form a battery
Total voltage of cells connected in series
Total voltage of cells connected in series
Sum of individual cell voltages
How does metal reactivity affect cell voltage?
How does metal reactivity affect cell voltage?
Greater reactivity difference = higher voltage
Other factor affecting voltage (besides metals)
Other factor affecting voltage (besides metals)
Type of electrolyte used
Reaction type in non-rechargeable batteries
Reaction type in non-rechargeable batteries
Irreversible reactions
Reaction type in rechargeable batteries
Reaction type in rechargeable batteries
Reversible reactions
How are rechargeable batteries recharged?
How are rechargeable batteries recharged?
Apply external voltage to reverse reactions
Example uses of non-rechargeable batteries
Example uses of non-rechargeable batteries
Remote controls, toys
Example uses of rechargeable batteries
Example uses of rechargeable batteries
Smartphones, tablets, electric vehicles