Thirteen (OCR GCSE English Literature): Flashcards

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Thirteen
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Author of 'Thirteen'

Caleb Femi (b. 1990)

Caleb Femi's birthplace

Nigeria

Age Femi moved to England

7 years old

Where Femi grew up in London

North Peckham estate, South London

Three main themes in 'Thirteen'

Prejudice, lost potential, societal conflict

Transition addressed in 'Thirteen'

Childhood innocence to harsh realities for black teens

Device: 'dust in your lungs makes stars'

Metaphor for hardship/adversity creating potential

Device: 'supernovas are dying stars'

Metaphor & irony; brilliance destined to be cut short

Device: 'Your skin becomes a target'

Metaphor for racial profiling & criminalisation

Device: 'no longer a bright star'

Repetition & contrast; loss of innocence

Device: 'thirteen, forever'

Hyperbole & symbolism; trapped at unlucky age

Effect of second-person address

Creates immediacy & personal involvement for reader

Effect of future tense in poem

Creates sense of inevitability & predetermined path

Extended metaphor throughout poem

Stars and supernovas (potential & tragic irony)

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