The Merchant of Venice: Writer's Methods and Techniques (OCR GCSE English Literature): Revision Notes

The Merchant of Venice: Writer's Methods and Techniques

Key Methods and Techniques - The Merchant of Venice

Dramatic Irony:

Shakespeare uses dramatic irony in Shylock's demands and the courtroom scene. The audience is aware of Portia's plan to turn the law against Shylock before he realises it, heightening the tension and the eventual downfall of Shylock.

Symbolism:

The pound of flesh symbolises the rigid and merciless nature of justice that Shylock seeks, while Portia's plea for mercy represents the more humane and forgiving aspects of the law. The caskets also symbolise the theme of appearance versus reality, as the correct choice is not based on outward show.

Juxtaposition:

Shakespeare juxtaposes the settings of Venice, a place of commerce and legal dealings, with Belmont, a place of love and harmony. This contrast highlights the different values associated with each setting and underscores the play's exploration of love, mercy, and justice.

Prose and Verse:

Shakespeare alternates between prose and verse to distinguish between social classes and the tone of the scenes. Characters like Shylock and the servants often speak in prose, while noble characters like Portia and Antonio speak in verse, highlighting their status and the gravity of their situations.

The Use of Law:

The play's courtroom scene showcases Shakespeare's exploration of the law as both a tool of justice and a means of manipulation. Portia's legal acumen turns Shylock's demand for justice on its head, emphasising the theme of mercy.