Food Choices (Junior Cert Home Economics): Revision Notes

Food Choices

Functions of Food

Physical Functions	Social Functions
Growth and repair of body cells.	Sharing meals with friends and family.
Provides heat and energy.	Celebrating events, e.g., birthdays.
Protects the body from disease.
Satisfies hunger and curbs cravings.
Enhances enjoyment with flavours and smells.

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Factors Influencing Food Choices

1. Family

• Children tend to eat what their parents provide and are influenced by their parents' food habits and preferences.
• Parents should set a good example by eating healthy and involving children in food choices.

2. Lifestyle

• Busy schedules often lead to reliance on convenience foods like frozen meals or takeaways.
• Families should prioritise eating together to build healthy habits.

3. Cooking Skills

• People with better cooking skills are more likely to prepare fresh, nutritious meals.
• Families should encourage learning basic cooking skills to prepare home-cooked meals.

4. Nutritional Knowledge

• Educating yourself about nutrition helps you make better food choices.
• Check food labels to avoid high-fat, high-sugar, and high-salt foods.

5. Culture

• Traditional foods, such as rice in China or potatoes in Ireland, influence food choices.
• International cuisines and immigration bring variety to diets.

6. Religion

• Some religions have dietary restrictions, e.g., Hindus avoid beef, and Buddhists may be vegetarian.

7. Money

• Families with limited budgets may buy cheaper, highly processed foods.
• Healthier, affordable options include eggs, vegetables, and brown rice.

8. Availability

• Seasonal availability impacts food choices; e.g., strawberries are fresher and cheaper in summer.
• Modern food preservation ensures many foods are available year-round.

9. Advertising and Marketing

• Companies use celebrity endorsements, special offers, and marketing to influence consumers.
• Be aware of advertising strategies when choosing food.

10. Senses

• The five senses (sight, smell, taste, touch, and sound) help us determine whether food is fresh or appealing.

11. Health

• Some individuals need specific diets due to health conditions, e.g., gluten-free diets for coeliac disease.

12. Food Sustainability

• Choosing sustainable foods helps protect the environment.
• This includes locally sourced, seasonal, or minimally processed foods.