HCF/LCM using Prime Factors (Junior Cert Mathematics): Flashcards

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HCF/LCM using Prime Factors
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HCF (Highest Common Factor)

Largest number that divides numbers without remainder

LCM (Lowest Common Multiple)

Smallest number that is a multiple of given numbers

Prime number

Number only divisible by 1 and itself

Prime factors

Factors of a number that are also prime numbers

Prime factorisation process

Divide by smallest possible primes until you can't divide more

HCF method using prime factors

Take lowest power of each prime in all factorisations

LCM method using prime factors

Take highest power of each prime in any factorisation

Prime factors of 12

2 and 3

Prime factorisation of 60

22×3×52^2 \times 3 \times 5

Prime factorisation of 80

24×52^4 \times 5

HCF of 60 and 80

20

LCM of 60 and 80

240

HCF is useful for

Simplifying fractions or dividing into equal parts

LCM is useful for

Finding common time intervals

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