Roots, Stems, and Leaves (Leaving Cert Biology): Flashcards
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Two main systems in flowering plants
Two main systems in flowering plants
Underground root system & above-ground shoot system
Xylem tissue function
Xylem tissue function
Transports water & minerals upward from roots to leaves
Phloem tissue function
Phloem tissue function
Carries food from leaves to all other plant parts
Root cap function
Root cap function
Protects delicate growing cells as root pushes through soil
Meristem tissue function in roots
Meristem tissue function in roots
Rapid cell division produces new cells for root growth
Purpose of root hairs
Purpose of root hairs
Increase surface area for absorption of water & minerals
Four main functions of roots
Four main functions of roots
Anchoring, absorption, transport, storage
Nodes vs internodes
Nodes vs internodes
Nodes: where leaves attach; Internodes: sections between nodes
Stomata function
Stomata function
Control gas exchange & water loss through microscopic pores
Guard cells function
Guard cells function
Open & close stomata in response to environmental conditions
Palisade mesophyll characteristics
Palisade mesophyll characteristics
Tightly packed cells with numerous chloroplasts; most photosynthesis
Spongy mesophyll characteristics
Spongy mesophyll characteristics
Loosely arranged cells with air spaces for gas circulation
Passive transport in mineral absorption
Passive transport in mineral absorption
Minerals enter by diffusion; no energy required
Active transport in mineral absorption
Active transport in mineral absorption
Minerals absorbed against gradient using cellular energy (ATP)
Osmosis in plant water absorption
Osmosis in plant water absorption
Water moves from lower to higher solute concentration