Genetics and Epigenetics (Leaving Cert Biology): Quizzes

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Genetics and Epigenetics
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What is genetics the study of?

Heredity & trait inheritance

What is a key feature of epigenetic changes?

They are reversible

How do genetic changes differ from epigenetic changes?

Genetic changes are typically irreversible

What is the genome?

Complete set of genetic material

When was the Human Genome Project largely completed?

2003

What happens during methylation in epigenetics?

CH3CH_3 group attaches & blocks gene

Which factors can influence epigenetic gene expression?

Diet, exercise & environment

What epigenetic change occurs at puberty?

Sex hormone genes are switched on

How can smoking affect epigenetics and cancer risk?

Removes methyl groups from division genes

What does the Himalayan rabbit example demonstrate?

Temperature affects pigmentation

What did the Dutch Hunger Winter study show about epigenetics?

Changes passed to grandchildren

How many chromosomes does a human zygote contain after fertilisation?

46

What defines a species?

Organisms that interbreed & produce fertile offspring

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