Trends in Electronegativity (Leaving Cert Chemistry): Flashcards
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Definition of electronegativity
Definition of electronegativity
Relative attraction of atom for shared pair of electrons in covalent bond
Electronegativity trend down groups
Electronegativity trend down groups
Decreases
Electronegativity trend across periods
Electronegativity trend across periods
Increases
Why electronegativity decreases down groups (atomic size)
Why electronegativity decreases down groups (atomic size)
Larger atomic radius; electrons further from nucleus
Why electronegativity decreases down groups (screening)
Why electronegativity decreases down groups (screening)
Inner shells shield outer electrons from nucleus
Why electronegativity increases across periods (charge)
Why electronegativity increases across periods (charge)
More protons increase effective nuclear charge
Why electronegativity increases across periods (size)
Why electronegativity increases across periods (size)
Smaller atomic radius; electrons closer to nucleus
Element with highest electronegativity
Element with highest electronegativity
Fluorine
Electronegativity value of fluorine
Electronegativity value of fluorine
4.0
Electronegativity value of chlorine
Electronegativity value of chlorine
3.0
Location of highest electronegativity on periodic table
Location of highest electronegativity on periodic table
Top-right corner
Location of lowest electronegativity on periodic table
Location of lowest electronegativity on periodic table
Bottom-left corner
What electronegativity helps predict
What electronegativity helps predict
Bond polarity, ionic vs covalent compounds, chemical behaviour