Paul Muldoon (Leaving Cert English): Flashcards

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The Loaf
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Collection featuring 'The Loaf' (2002)

Moy Sand and Gravel

What Muldoon connects in 'The Loaf'

Everyday moments to profound historical truths

Speaker's action triggering reflection

Puts finger in wall hole to reach dimmer switch

Material reinforcing old wall

Horsehair

Canal Irish labourers built

Raritan to Delaware Canal (New Jersey)

Year of cholera outbreak killing workers

1832

What grain in loaf was washed from

Horse dung

Theme: ordinary objects as...

Windows into the past/deep history

Workers' situation re: profit

Starving workers created profit, got nothing

Senses Muldoon uses to bridge past/present

All five senses

'Gain' dual meaning in poem

Fodder/pasture AND to search/forage for food

Poem's structure (stanzas)

Five short stanzas (tercets) with refrains

Refrain rhythm style

Bouncy, nursery-rhyme-like

Tone of 'The Loaf'

Calm, careful, and empathetic

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