Microbiology (Leaving Cert Home Economics): Flashcards
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What does microbiology study?
What does microbiology study?
Tiny organisms seen only under a microscope
Three main types of microorganisms
Three main types of microorganisms
Fungi, bacteria, and viruses
Fungi cell structure
Fungi cell structure
Multicellular with well-organised nucleus
How do fungi reproduce?
How do fungi reproduce?
Sexually and asexually
How do fungi obtain nutrition?
How do fungi obtain nutrition?
Feed on dead organic material or live as parasites
What is Penicillium used for?
What is Penicillium used for?
Mould used to make antibiotics
Bacteria cell structure
Bacteria cell structure
Single-celled, no proper nucleus, simple structure
How do bacteria reproduce?
How do bacteria reproduce?
Binary fission (one cell splits into two)
What is Lactobacillus used for?
What is Lactobacillus used for?
Produces yoghurt and fermented foods
Virus structure
Virus structure
Genetic material surrounded by protein shell
How do viruses reproduce?
How do viruses reproduce?
Cannot reproduce alone; must infect a host cell
What does FAT TOM stand for?
What does FAT TOM stand for?
Food, Acidity, Temperature, Time, Oxygen, Moisture
Aerobic vs anaerobic organisms
Aerobic vs anaerobic organisms
Aerobic need oxygen; anaerobic need oxygen-free environments
What temperature range do mesophiles prefer?
What temperature range do mesophiles prefer?
20-45°C (moderate temperatures)
How fast can bacteria multiply?
How fast can bacteria multiply?
Can double population every 20-30 minutes