Surds (Leaving Cert Mathematics): Flashcards

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Surds
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Definition of a surd

An expression involving a square root that cannot be simplified to a rational number

Multiplication rule for square roots

ab=a×b\sqrt{ab} = \sqrt{a} \times \sqrt{b}

Division rule for square roots

ab=ab\sqrt{\frac{a}{b}} = \frac{\sqrt{a}}{\sqrt{b}}

Conditions for ab=a×b\sqrt{ab} = \sqrt{a} \times \sqrt{b}

a,b0a, b \geq 0

Conditions for ab=ab\sqrt{\frac{a}{b}} = \frac{\sqrt{a}}{\sqrt{b}}

a,b>0a, b > 0

Simplify 18\sqrt{18}

323\sqrt{2}

Simplify 4916\sqrt{\frac{49}{16}}

74\frac{7}{4}

Simplify 72\sqrt{72}

626\sqrt{2}

Index form of a×b\sqrt{a} \times \sqrt{b}

a1/2×b1/2=(ab)1/2a^{1/2} \times b^{1/2} = (ab)^{1/2}

What a surd cannot be simplified into

A rational number

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