Environmental Sustainability (Grade 12 NSC Matric Economics): Flashcards

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Command & Control (CAC) in environmental policy

Direct govt approach with specific laws & regulations

Conservation definition

Wise use of resources with managed, sustainable use allowed

Preservation definition

Keeping resources completely untouched, no economic use

Key difference: conservation vs preservation

Conservation allows managed use; preservation prohibits all use

Environmental sustainability definition

Balancing today's needs whilst ensuring future resource access

Pollution in environmental economics

Waste released faster than nature can process and absorb it

UNCED (Earth Summit) year and purpose

1992 conference on global environmental cooperation

Why UNCED was significant

Recognised environmental problems cross borders, need global action

Example of Command & Control regulation

Banning harmful chemicals or setting max emission limits

Why markets alone can't solve pollution

Businesses don't pay full cost of environmental damage they cause

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