Fiscal Policy (HSC SSCE Economics): Quizzes

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Methods of Financing a Deficit
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What is a budget deficit?

When govt spends more than it receives

What is the primary method Australia uses to finance budget deficits?

Borrowing from domestic private sector

How does the competitive tender system for Treasury Bonds work?

Govt accepts lowest interest rates first

What is the crowding out effect?

Govt borrowing raises rates, crowds out pvt

When is the crowding out effect minimal?

During recessions

How did overseas holdings of Australian govt securities change from 2012 to 2022?

Declined from 76% to 45%

Why has Australia avoided monetary financing since 1982?

Inflation risk & policy independence

Do asset sales reduce the underlying cash deficit?

No, budget calculations adjust for them

What was the Future Fund valued at by 2023?

USD 251 billion

What is the key difference between public sector debt and foreign debt?

Foreign debt includes private borrowing

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