Comparative Advantage and Gains from Trade (HSC SSCE Economics): Quizzes

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Comparative Advantage and Gains from Trade
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What was the main goal of mercantilism before Adam Smith?

Maximize exports & minimize imports

What does absolute advantage mean?

Producing more output w/ same resources

What is the main weakness of absolute advantage theory?

Countries w/o absolute advantage can't trade

What should countries specialize in according to comparative advantage?

Goods w/ lower opportunity cost

If a country makes 200 grapes OR 50 cheese, what's the opportunity cost of 1 cheese?

20050=4\frac{200}{50} = 4 grapes

In the example, Australia's opportunity cost for grapes is 13\frac{1}{3} & France's is 34\frac{3}{4}. Who specializes in grapes?

Australia (lower opportunity cost)

Can one country have comparative advantage in all products?

No, impossible by definition

What does trade allow countries to do?

Consume beyond their PPC

What happens when a country's terms of trade improve?

Buy more imports w/ given exports

What real-world factor limits the comparative advantage model?

Labour can't move easily between industries

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