7. Genetics, Populations, Evolution & Ecosystems: Definitions (A Level only) (AQA A-Level Biology): Flashcards

A version/variant of a gene at same position on homologous chroms

New species form when populations geographically separated & evolve independently

Maximum population size an ecosystem can sustainably support

Both alleles in heterozygote contribute equally to phenotype

Change in allele frequencies in a population over generations

Random allele frequency changes in small populations by chance

$p^2 + 2pq + q^2 = 1.0$

Two different alleles for the same gene (e.g., Ff)

Early colonisers surviving in harsh, unstable environments

Favours average phenotypes, selects against extremes