Ligand Substitution Experiments (AQA A-Level Chemistry): Flashcards

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Ligand Substitution Experiments
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Monodentate ligands bonds formed

One bond with metal ion

Bidentate ligands bonds formed

Two bonds with metal ion

Multidentate ligands bonds formed

Multiple bonds with metal ion

Cu2+Cu^{2+} + NH3NH_3 initially forms

Light blue ppt of Cu(OH)2Cu(OH)_2

Cu2+Cu^{2+} + excess NH3NH_3 colour

Deep blue [Cu(NH3)4(H2O)2]2+[Cu(NH_3)_4(H_2O)_2]^{2+}

Fe3+Fe^{3+} + NH3NH_3 ppt colour

Brown precipitate Fe(OH)3Fe(OH)_3

Chelate effect stability order

Multidentate > monodentate

Lambert-Beer law equation

A=εclA = \varepsilon c l

Why multidentate ligands more stable

Increase entropy (chelate effect)

Cu2+Cu^{2+} + HCl colour change

Light blue to yellow-green

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