Second law and engines (AQA A-Level Physics): Quizzes

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Second law and engines
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According to the second law of thermodynamics, what must a heat engine operate between?

A source and a sink

Why is 100% efficiency impossible for a heat engine?

Some energy must go to the sink

What is the efficiency formula for a heat engine in terms of QHQ_H and QCQ_C?

QHQCQH\frac{Q_H - Q_C}{Q_H}

What is the maximum theoretical efficiency formula for an ideal heat engine?

THTCTH\frac{T_H - T_C}{T_H}

What units must be used for temperatures in the maximum efficiency formula?

Kelvin

How can the efficiency of a heat engine be maximised?

High THT_H and low TCT_C

Which is NOT a reason real engines fail to achieve maximum theoretical efficiency?

Distance from fuel source

What do Combined Heat and Power (CHP) schemes use?

Waste heat to heat buildings

What is the purpose of regenerative braking in vehicles?

Store braking energy for later use

Where can energy from regenerative braking be stored?

In a flywheel

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