The Sociological Perspective (AQA A-Level Sociology): Quizzes

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Sociological Theories of Crime and Deviance
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What did Durkheim call the state of normlessness where social regulations break down?

Anomie

In Merton's strain theory, which adaptation accepts goals but rejects legitimate means?

Innovation

What term did Cohen use for frustration caused by working-class boys failing in school?

Status frustration

Which subculture did Cloward and Ohlin say achieves status through gang violence?

Conflict subcultures

What did Miller call working-class cultural characteristics like 'toughness' and 'excitement'?

Focal concerns

What term did Lemert use for deviant acts that have not been publicly labelled?

Primary deviance

What occurs when a label becomes the main way others see an individual, e.g. as a 'junkie'?

Master status

What process did Young describe where labelling creates more deviance, not less?

Deviancy amplification spiral

What type of shaming did Braithwaite say labels the act as bad but not the person?

Reintegrative shaming

According to Gordon, why is crime a rational response to capitalism for all classes?

Due to greed, profits & materialism

What did the New Criminology combine with Marxist views to create a 'fully social analysis'?

Labelling theory

According to Clarke's right realist view, why do individuals commit crime?

Costs outweighed by benefits

What left realist concept explains why people steal iPhones after seeing others have more?

Relative deprivation

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