Quadratics (Edexcel A-Level Mathematics): Flashcards

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Discriminants
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Formula for discriminant Δ\Delta in ax2+bx+c=0ax^2 + bx + c = 0

Δ=b24ac\Delta = b^2 - 4ac

Symbol used to denote the discriminant

Δ\Delta

Discriminant condition for two distinct real roots

Δ>0\Delta > 0

Discriminant condition for one real root

Δ=0\Delta = 0

Discriminant condition for no real roots

Δ<0\Delta < 0

Nature of roots when Δ>0\Delta > 0

Two distinct real roots

Nature of roots when Δ=0\Delta = 0

One real root (or two equal real roots)

Nature of roots when Δ<0\Delta < 0

No real roots (complex conjugate pairs)

Direction of parabola when a>0a > 0

Opens upwards

Direction of parabola when a<0a < 0

Opens downwards

X-coordinate of vertex for y=ax2+bx+cy = ax^2 + bx + c

x=b2ax = -\frac{b}{2a}

Y-intercept of y=ax2+bx+cy = ax^2 + bx + c

cc

Number of x-intercepts when Δ>0\Delta > 0

Two x-intercepts

Number of x-intercepts when Δ=0\Delta = 0

One x-intercept (vertex touches x-axis)

Number of x-intercepts when Δ<0\Delta < 0

No x-intercepts

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