Pipelining (OCR A-Level Computer Science): Flashcards
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Practise the cards
15 cards from this deck
What is pipelining?
What is pipelining?
Overlaps instruction execution stages to increase CPU efficiency
Two main types of pipelining
Two main types of pipelining
Instruction Pipeline and Arithmetic Pipeline
What does instruction pipeline do?
What does instruction pipeline do?
Handles multiple instructions simultaneously at different stages
Instruction pipeline stage 1
Instruction pipeline stage 1
Fetch: instruction fetched from memory to instruction buffer
Instruction pipeline stage 2
Instruction pipeline stage 2
Decode: Control Unit decodes the instruction
Instruction pipeline stage 3
Instruction pipeline stage 3
Execute: ALU performs arithmetic or logical operations
Instruction pipeline stage 4
Instruction pipeline stage 4
Write-back: results written to registers or memory
How does instruction pipeline improve performance?
How does instruction pipeline improve performance?
Increases CPU throughput by processing multiple instructions
Arithmetic pipeline purpose
Arithmetic pipeline purpose
Breaks complex arithmetic calculations into sequential steps
Where are arithmetic pipelines used?
Where are arithmetic pipelines used?
Graphics rendering, scientific simulations, engineering tasks
Pipelining advantage: throughput
Pipelining advantage: throughput
Multiple instructions in progress simultaneously
Pipelining advantage: execution time
Pipelining advantage: execution time
Execution time closer to single clock cycle
Pipelining advantage: CPU resources
Pipelining advantage: CPU resources
Reduces idle times, keeps resources active
What is a data hazard?
What is a data hazard?
Instruction depends on incomplete previous instruction result
What is a pipeline stall?
What is a pipeline stall?
Delays when pipeline must wait for specific operations