Atypical Gender Development (OCR A-Level Psychology): Flashcards

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Gender Identity Disorder
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Alternative name for Gender Dysphoria

Gender Identity Disorder (GID)

Gender Dysphoria definition

Identification with opposite gender & discomfort with assigned sex

Coolidge et al. sample size for GD study

157 twin pairs

% of GD variance from genetics (Coolidge et al.)

62%

Heylens: MZ twins concordant for GD

9 out of 23

Heylens: DZ twins concordant for GD

None (0 out of 21)

Heylens study comparison groups

23 MZ twins vs 21 DZ twins

Ovesey & Person's theory: cause of GD in males

Extreme separation anxiety before gender identity established

Fantasy in psychoanalytic theory of GD

Symbiotic fusion with mother

Stoller's finding: males with GD & mothers

Overly close relationships with mothers

Twin study limitations for GD research

Small sample sizes & low concordance rates

Benefit of biological basis for GD

Frames as medical issue not personal failing

Risk of labelling GD as mental disorder

Stigmatises individuals as 'ill' or 'sick'

Ovesey & Person theory limitation

Only addresses transgender women, not all GD cases

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