Variation (AQA GCSE Biology Combined Science): Flashcards
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10 cards from this deck
What two factors determine an organism's phenotype?
What two factors determine an organism's phenotype?
Genotype (genes inherited) and environment
What is genotype?
What is genotype?
The genes an organism inherited from its parents
What creates genetic variation in offspring?
What creates genetic variation in offspring?
Combining genes from mother and father
Which organisms have the same genotype?
Which organisms have the same genotype?
Only identical twins
Examples of environmental effects on phenotype
Examples of environmental effects on phenotype
Scars in animals; smaller/yellow leaves in plants
Example of characteristic affected by both genetics and environment
Example of characteristic affected by both genetics and environment
Weight (food eaten + genes affecting metabolism/fat storage)
How is genetic variation introduced?
How is genetic variation introduced?
By mutations in DNA sequence
What effect do most mutations have on phenotype?
What effect do most mutations have on phenotype?
Most have no effect on phenotype
What happens to an advantageous mutation?
What happens to an advantageous mutation?
Natural selection makes it become common phenotype quickly
How are genes passed from parents to offspring?
How are genes passed from parents to offspring?
In sex cells (gametes)