Thermoregulation (AQA GCSE Biology): Flashcards
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Thermoregulation
Thermoregulation
How body maintains steady temperature at 37°C
Normal human body temperature
Normal human body temperature
37°C
Two main layers of skin
Two main layers of skin
Epidermis (outer) and Dermis (deeper)
Vasodilation
Vasodilation
Blood vessels near skin widen/get wider
Vasoconstriction
Vasoconstriction
Blood vessels near skin narrow/get narrower
Vasodilation effect on blood flow
Vasodilation effect on blood flow
More warm blood flows near skin, heat transfers to air
How sweating cools body
How sweating cools body
Sweat evaporates, removing heat energy from skin
Vasoconstriction effect on heat loss
Vasoconstriction effect on heat loss
Less blood near skin, less heat lost to air
Why sweating stops when cold
Why sweating stops when cold
To prevent heat loss through evaporation
How shivering warms body
How shivering warms body
Muscles contract/relax rapidly, releasing heat energy
Location of thermoregulatory centre
Location of thermoregulatory centre
In the brain
Location of temperature receptors
Location of temperature receptors
In the skin
Cause of goosebumps
Cause of goosebumps
Hair muscles contract, pulling hairs upright
Purpose of upright hairs when cold
Purpose of upright hairs when cold
Trap layer of warm air for insulation
First step in temp control process
First step in temp control process
Temp receptors in skin detect changes