Maintaining Water & Nitrogen Balance in the Body (AQA GCSE Biology): Flashcards
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Osmosis definition
Osmosis definition
Movement of water molecules from high to low concentration
Effect if blood water concentration increases
Effect if blood water concentration increases
Cells take up water, expand, may burst
Effect if blood water concentration decreases
Effect if blood water concentration decreases
Cells lose water and shrink
Two main kidney functions in making urine
Two main kidney functions in making urine
Filtering waste & selectively reabsorbing useful substances
Where are amino acids deaminated?
Where are amino acids deaminated?
In the liver
Product of deamination of amino acids
Product of deamination of amino acids
Ammonia
Why is ammonia converted to urea?
Why is ammonia converted to urea?
Ammonia is toxic
Where is ADH released from?
Where is ADH released from?
Pituitary gland
When is ADH released?
When is ADH released?
When blood is too concentrated
Effect of ADH on kidney tubules
Effect of ADH on kidney tubules
Increases permeability to water
Result of ADH action on urine
Result of ADH action on urine
Smaller volume, more concentrated urine
What is kidney failure?
What is kidney failure?
When kidneys stop working
Two treatments for kidney failure
Two treatments for kidney failure
Dialysis and kidney transplants
Frequency of dialysis treatment
Frequency of dialysis treatment
Three times a week, 3-4 hours each
Main problem with kidney transplants
Main problem with kidney transplants
Rejection by immune system (antigens recognized as foreign)